Pennies were good as isotopes because depending on the generation pre or post 1982 the penny contains a different ratio of zinc and copper.The new generation penny with less copper can be considered an isotope of pre 1982 penny's almost made of pure copper. A problem that can occur using penny's as an isotope is that they don't have a constant (like atomic number) like real elements and their isotopes.
1.The atomic mass is 35.45 amu. You multiply the mass number by the abundance percentage and add them with the abundance of the other isotope times its mass. Since the atomic mass is closer to Cl-35 it shows that it is more abundant then Cl-37.
2.Cl-35 and Cl-37 both share the same number of protons and neutrons within the nucleus. The isotope of Cl-35 is Cl-37 this happens when there are more neutrons in the nucleus added to the atomic mass.
3. Mass number and atomic mass differ in that atomic mass is the mass of one element, simply the elements wieght. The mass number isthe added wieght of another individual element. For example CuCl2 (copper chloride) mass is the added mass of Cu's atomic mass times how many Cu atoms you may have plus that of Cl because of the ionic bond you have to elements to add.
Enrichment:
1. A spectrometer is an instrument used to measure characteristics of individual molecules. A mass spectrometer converts them to ions so they can be moved and manipulated by electric and magnetic fields.
2. Natural uranium is only 0.7% uranium-235, a type of uranium that undergoes fission in this type of reactor.The reactor uses Uranium as fuel, and heat is generated by nuclear fission (neutrons smash into the nucleus of the uranium atoms) split roughly the uranium atom in half and release energy in the form of heat the rest is U-238.Modern reactors use "enriched" uranium fuel, which has a higher proportion of U-235.
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